The UK Tier 2 Work Visa, now known as the Skilled Worker visa, offers Nigerian professionals an opportunity to work in the United Kingdom. This visa category is designed for individuals who have received job offers from UK employers for roles that meet specific skill and salary requirements.
To qualify for a Skilled Worker visa, applicants must have a job offer from a UK employer with a valid sponsor license, meet the required skill level, and earn a minimum salary of £26,200 per year or £10.75 per hour, whichever is higher. The application process involves several steps, including obtaining a certificate of sponsorship from the employer and demonstrating proficiency in the English language.
Navigating the visa application process can be complex, but with careful preparation and attention to detail, Nigerian professionals can successfully secure their path to working in the UK. This guide will provide a comprehensive overview of the requirements, application procedures, and important considerations for Nigerians seeking to obtain a Skilled Worker visa.
Overview of the UK Tier 2 Work Visa
The UK Tier 2 Work Visa enables skilled non-European workers to live and work in the United Kingdom. This visa category has specific eligibility requirements, different types, and conditions that applicants must meet.
Eligibility Criteria
To qualify for a Tier 2 Work Visa, applicants must have a job offer from a UK employer with a valid sponsorship license. The position must meet the minimum salary threshold, which is typically £26,200 per year or £10.75 per hour, whichever is higher.
Applicants need to demonstrate English language proficiency and have sufficient funds to support themselves upon arrival in the UK. The specific job must be listed on the eligible occupations list.
Candidates must also pass a points-based assessment, which evaluates factors such as qualifications, work experience, and salary.
Visa Types and Categories
The Tier 2 Work Visa includes several subcategories:
- General: For skilled workers with a job offer in the UK
- Intra-Company Transfer: For employees of multinational companies
- Minister of Religion: For religious workers
- Sportsperson: For elite athletes and coaches
Each category has its own specific requirements and conditions. The Skilled Worker visa (formerly Tier 2 General) is the most common route for non-European skilled workers.
Validity and Conditions
A Tier 2 Work Visa is typically valid for up to 5 years and 14 days, or the time given in the certificate of sponsorship plus 1 month, whichever is shorter. Visa holders can extend their stay or apply for settlement after living in the UK for a certain period.
Tier 2 visa holders can work for their sponsoring employer, study, and bring dependents to the UK. They can also switch to other eligible visa categories if they meet the requirements.
After 5 years of continuous residence, visa holders may be eligible to apply for indefinite leave to remain, granting them the right to live and work in the UK indefinitely.
Application Process
The UK Tier 2 Work Visa application process involves several key steps for Nigerian applicants. Proper preparation, accurate documentation, and timely completion of each stage are crucial for a successful outcome.
Preparing to Apply
Before starting the application, ensure you meet all eligibility criteria for the Skilled Worker visa. Confirm you have a valid job offer from a UK employer with a sponsor license. Check that your role is on the list of eligible occupations and meets the salary threshold.
Gather all necessary personal documents, including your passport and proof of English language proficiency. Obtain your Certificate of Sponsorship (CoS) from your employer, which contains a unique reference number needed for the application.
Review the visa requirements thoroughly to avoid common mistakes that could delay or jeopardize your application.
Documentation Required
Prepare the following documents:
- Valid passport
- Certificate of Sponsorship
- Proof of English language proficiency
- Tuberculosis test results (if applicable)
- Bank statements showing sufficient funds
- Academic qualifications
- Criminal record certificate (if applicable)
Ensure all documents are original or certified copies. Translate any non-English documents into English by a professional translator. Organize your documents in the order specified by the UK visa application guidelines to facilitate processing.
Online Application Steps
- Create an account on the UK government’s visa application website.
- Select “Skilled Worker visa” as your visa type.
- Complete the online application form with accurate personal and employment details.
- Upload scanned copies of your supporting documents.
- Pay the visa application fee and Immigration Health Surcharge.
- Book your biometric appointment.
Double-check all information before submitting. Errors can lead to delays or rejection. Save a copy of your completed application for reference.
Biometric Appointment
Schedule and attend a biometric appointment at a designated visa application center in Nigeria. During this appointment:
- Your fingerprints will be scanned
- A digital photograph will be taken
- Your signature will be captured
Bring your appointment confirmation, passport, and any additional documents requested. Arrive on time and follow all instructions given by the staff at the application center.
Visa Application Fees
As of August 2024, the Skilled Worker visa fees for Nigerians applying from outside the UK are:
- Application fee: £625 to £1,423 (depending on job type and length of stay)
- Healthcare surcharge: £624 per year
- Biometric information fee: £19.20
Additional costs may include:
- English language test fees
- Tuberculosis test fees (if required)
- Document translation costs
Be prepared to pay these fees when submitting your application. Fees are subject to change, so verify the current amounts on the official UK government website before applying.
Sponsorship and the Certificate of Sponsorship
Securing a UK Tier 2 Work Visa requires a valid job offer from a licensed sponsor and a Certificate of Sponsorship (CoS). These elements are crucial for Nigerians seeking employment in the UK.
Role of the Sponsor
The sponsor plays a pivotal role in the Tier 2 visa process. UK-based employers must hold a valid sponsorship licence to hire foreign workers. This licence allows them to issue Certificates of Sponsorship to prospective employees.
Sponsors are responsible for ensuring that the job meets skill and salary requirements set by the UK government. They must also verify that the position cannot be filled by a settled worker.
Sponsors are expected to maintain accurate records of their sponsored employees and report any significant changes in their circumstances to the Home Office.
Obtaining a Certificate of Sponsorship
A Certificate of Sponsorship is an electronic document with a unique reference number. It is not a physical certificate but a crucial component of the visa application process.
To obtain a CoS, the following steps typically occur:
- The employer identifies a suitable candidate for the role.
- The employer assigns a CoS through the Sponsorship Management System.
- The candidate receives the CoS reference number to use in their visa application.
The CoS contains important details about the job offer, including salary, job description, and duration of employment.
Sponsorship Duties and Compliance
Sponsors have ongoing responsibilities to maintain compliance with UK immigration rules. These duties include:
- Keeping accurate records of sponsored employees
- Reporting changes in employee circumstances
- Ensuring sponsored workers are paid the agreed salary
- Cooperating with Home Office compliance checks
Failure to meet these obligations can result in the revocation of the sponsorship licence. This could jeopardize the visa status of all sponsored employees.
Sponsors must also stay updated on changes to immigration rules and adjust their practices accordingly. Regular training and internal audits can help maintain compliance.
The Points-Based Assessment
The UK Tier 2 work visa employs a points-based system to evaluate applicants. Candidates must meet specific criteria and accumulate sufficient points to qualify for this visa category.
Understanding the Points System
The points-based system assesses applicants based on various factors. Key attributes include job offer, skill level, English language proficiency, and salary threshold. Each attribute carries a certain number of points.
Applicants receive points for having a valid job offer from a licensed sponsor. The skill level of the job also contributes to the point total.
English language ability is crucial, with points awarded for meeting the required proficiency level. Salary plays a significant role, with higher salaries generally earning more points.
Required Points for Eligibility
To qualify for a Tier 2 work visa, applicants must score a minimum of 70 points. This total is achieved through a combination of mandatory and tradeable points.
Mandatory points include:
- Job offer from an approved sponsor (20 points)
- Job at appropriate skill level (20 points)
- English language skills at level B1 (10 points)
The remaining 20 points can be earned through tradeable attributes such as salary, job in a shortage occupation, or relevant PhD qualification.
Trading Points for Conditions
The UK’s points-based system allows for some flexibility through tradeable points. This mechanism enables applicants to compensate for shortfalls in certain areas with strengths in others.
For example, a lower salary might be offset by:
- A job in a shortage occupation
- A PhD relevant to the job
- A PhD in a STEM subject relevant to the job
This trading system provides opportunities for talented individuals who may not meet all standard criteria but possess valuable skills or qualifications.
Healthcare and the Immigration Health Surcharge
The UK government requires most visa applicants, including Nigerians applying for a Tier 2 work visa, to pay the Immigration Health Surcharge (IHS). This fee contributes to the National Health Service (NHS) and grants access to UK healthcare services.
As of August 2024, the IHS costs £776 per year for Tier 2 visa applicants. For example, a 3-year visa would require a payment of £2,328. The fee must be paid upfront when submitting the visa application.
Once the visa is granted, the applicant can use NHS services free of charge from the start date of their visa. This includes:
- GP visits
- Hospital treatments
- Emergency care
It’s important to note that some NHS services may still incur additional costs, such as prescriptions and dental care.
In certain cases, Tier 2 visa holders working in eligible healthcare roles may be able to claim a reimbursement for their IHS payment. This applies to those working in specific NHS, social care, or hospice positions.
Applicants should factor the IHS cost into their budget when planning their UK work visa application. The surcharge ensures access to the UK’s healthcare system throughout the duration of the visa.
Life in the UK
Moving to the UK as a Nigerian on a Tier 2 Work Visa brings exciting opportunities and changes. Adapting to a new environment involves finding suitable accommodation, managing living costs, and navigating cultural differences. Understanding your rights and responsibilities is crucial for a smooth transition.
Accommodation and Living Costs
Finding appropriate housing is a top priority when settling in the UK. Rental options include apartments, houses, and shared accommodations. Costs vary significantly depending on location, with London being the most expensive city.
Average monthly rent for a one-bedroom apartment:
- London: £1,500 – £2,000
- Manchester: £700 – £900
- Birmingham: £600 – £800
Utilities typically cost £100-£200 per month. Groceries for one person average £200-£300 monthly. Public transportation expenses range from £60-£150, depending on the city and distance traveled.
It’s advisable to budget 30-40% of your salary for housing costs. Many newcomers opt for shared accommodations initially to save money and expand their social network.
Cultural Adaptation
Adjusting to British culture may present some challenges for Nigerians. The UK is known for its diverse and multicultural society, offering a rich blend of traditions and customs.
Key cultural aspects to be aware of:
- Punctuality is highly valued
- Queuing is a common practice
- The British often use indirect communication
- Weather is a popular conversation topic
Nigerians may find British cuisine different from home. However, many cities offer diverse food options, including African restaurants and specialty stores.
Joining local community groups or Nigerian associations can help ease the transition and provide support networks.
Rights and Responsibilities
As a Tier 2 visa holder, it’s essential to understand your rights and obligations in the UK. Skilled Worker visa holders have the right to:
- Work for their sponsored employer
- Study (with some restrictions)
- Access NHS healthcare
- Travel in and out of the UK
Responsibilities include:
- Maintaining employment with the sponsoring employer
- Notifying the Home Office of any changes in circumstances
- Adhering to UK laws and regulations
It’s important to note that Tier 2 visa holders can apply for indefinite leave to remain after living in the UK for five years, subject to meeting specific criteria. This allows for permanent settlement and additional rights, such as unrestricted work options and access to public funds.
Extending Your Visa
Nigerian workers on a Tier 2 visa in the UK may need to extend their stay to continue working. The process involves several key steps and requirements.
To extend a Tier 2 visa, applicants must still be employed by their sponsoring employer. The job must meet the salary threshold and skill level requirements.
Extending a Tier 2 visa typically takes up to 8 weeks for processing. It’s advisable to apply well before the current visa expires.
Applicants need to complete an online application form. This form requires personal details, current visa information, and reasons for extension.
Required documents include:
- Valid passport
- Current visa
- Certificate of Sponsorship from employer
- Proof of English language proficiency
- Evidence of sufficient funds
The application process involves paying a fee and submitting biometric information. Some applicants may need to attend an in-person appointment.
It’s important to note that since December 2020, the Tier 2 (General) visa category has been replaced by the Skilled Worker visa. Tier 2 visa holders can still apply for extensions, but these will be processed under the new Skilled Worker rules.
Bringing Family Members
Skilled Worker visa holders can bring eligible family members to the UK as dependents. The process involves meeting specific requirements and submitting separate applications for each dependent.
Dependent Visa Requirements
To qualify as dependents, family members must be either a spouse, civil partner, or unmarried partner of the main visa holder, or children under 18. Unmarried partners need to prove they’ve been living together for at least two years. Each dependent must apply for their own visa.
Applicants must demonstrate a genuine and subsisting relationship with the main visa holder. Financial requirements include showing sufficient funds to support dependents without relying on public funds. The exact amount varies based on family size and location in the UK.
Dependents also need to meet English language requirements, typically by passing an approved test at the required level. Some exemptions apply, such as for nationals of majority English-speaking countries.
Applying for Dependent Visas
The application process for dependent visas is similar to the main Skilled Worker visa application. Each family member submits their own online application, pays the required fees, and books a biometrics appointment.
Required documents include valid passports, proof of relationship to the main visa holder, and evidence of meeting financial requirements. Applicants may need to provide bank statements, pay slips, or a letter from the sponsor confirming accommodation and financial support.
Processing times for dependent visas typically align with the main applicant’s visa. Standard processing takes about 3 weeks, with priority services available for faster decisions. Dependents can apply at the same time as the main applicant or join later.
Once approved, dependents receive permission to stay for the same duration as the main visa holder. They can work, study, and access healthcare in the UK, subject to certain conditions.
Switching Employers or Visa Categories
Skilled Worker visa holders in the UK have the option to change employers or switch visa categories under certain conditions. To change employers, the new job must meet Skilled Worker visa requirements.
The new employer must hold a valid sponsor licence and issue a Certificate of Sponsorship (CoS) for the new role. The position must be eligible for the Skilled Worker visa and meet minimum salary thresholds.
Visa holders cannot start their new job until they have obtained approval for the change. They must submit a new Skilled Worker visa application and pay the required fees.
It’s possible to apply for the visa update up to 3 months before the new job’s start date. The application process includes paying the application fee and the £19.20 biometric fee.
For those looking to switch visa categories, options may include transitioning to other work visas or family-based visas. Each category has specific eligibility criteria and application procedures.
Individuals can apply to switch to a Skilled Worker visa from within the UK if they’re on an eligible visa type. This process requires meeting all Skilled Worker visa criteria, including having a valid job offer from a licensed sponsor.
Settlement and Indefinite Leave to Remain
After living and working in the UK on a Tier 2 visa for a specified period, Nigerians may become eligible for settlement, also known as Indefinite Leave to Remain (ILR). This status grants the right to live and work in the UK indefinitely without visa restrictions.
To qualify for ILR, Tier 2 visa holders typically need to have resided in the UK for 5 continuous years. During this time, they must have maintained their Tier 2 status and met all visa conditions.
Key requirements for ILR application include:
- Passing the Life in the UK test
- Meeting English language requirements
- Demonstrating continuous residence
- Providing evidence of employment
Applicants must also show they still meet the salary threshold for their job role at the time of application.
It’s important to note that some visa categories may lead to settlement faster. For instance, certain high-value migrants or those in shortage occupations might be eligible for accelerated settlement.
Once granted ILR, individuals can apply for benefits and have the option to pursue British citizenship after a further qualifying period. ILR status is typically evidenced by a Biometric Residence Permit (BRP) valid for 10 years.
Feranmi Nureni